Introduction A leukemia or lymphoma coming back after initial treatment has long been the moment hope turned to dread in Indian families. For years, a relapse meant a narrow, punishing path of salvage chemotherapy with uncertain results. That script is being rewritten. Today, a relapse activates a far more sophisticated treatment ladder inside India. An indigenous CAR-T cell therapy entered its scale phase in 2026, antibody-drug conjugates are producing durable responses in h