When chemotherapy fails to control metastatic colorectal cancer, treatment shifts from one-size-fits-all to biomarker-driven precision medicine. Molecular profiling of your tumor unlocks targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and trial pathways previously unavailable. Key Takeaways MSI-H or dMMR status determines immunotherapy eligibility; pembrolizumab and nivolumab achieve ~40-50% response rates in this subset RAS wild-type tumors can receive EGFR-targeted therapy (cetuximab, p

TL;DR When standard chemotherapy fails in stage 4 colorectal cancer, targeted therapies like EGFR inhibitors (cetuximab, panitumumab) and anti-angiogenesis drugs (bevacizumab, regorafenib) offer alternative pathways based on molecular testing [1] [3] . Dr. Bharat Patodiya comprehensive molecular profiling identifies specific genetic mutations (KRAS, BRAF, MSI status) that determine eligibility for advanced treatment options including immunotherapy and kinase inhibitors. Emerg